Hauv kev tshawb nrhiav roj thiab roj niaj hnub no, "logging" tau hloov zuj zus mus deb dhau ntawm cov tsoos suite ntawm Gamma Ray thiab kev tiv thaiv nkhaus. Nws tau hloov mus rau hauv ib qho kev qhia dav dav, ntau-physics teb system sib koom ua ke borehole, tsim, kua, thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv tshuab, feem ntau tau txais tiag tiag - lub sijhawm thaum lub sijhawm drilling.
Niaj hnub nimno Logging System: Multi-Technology, Multi-Platform Framework
Kev ntsuas niaj hnub tsis yog ib qho kev ntsuas nkaus xwb tab sis ib qho kev ntsuas kev sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj xws li:
(I) 10 Tsev Neeg Tseem Ceeb Technology
| Tsis muaj. | Technology Tsev Neeg | Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb / cov cuab yeej |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ntuj Gamma Ray / Lithology | GR, Spectral GR (CGR, HNGS), Elemental Analysis (K, U, Th) |
| 2 | Kev tiv thaiv | Deep/Medium/Shallow Laterolog, Induction, Micro-resistivity (FMI) |
| 3 | Porosity Trio | Qhov ceev, Neutron, Sonic (BHC, DSI, SonicScanner) |
| 4 | Borehole Imaging | FMI, FMI-HD, UBI, CAST (acoustic / hluav taws xob cov duab) |
| 5 | Nuclear Sib Nqus Resonance (NMR) | CMR, MRIL, T₂ faib, pore qauv tsom xam |
| 6 | Tsim Kev Ntsuas & Kev Ntsuas Dej | MDT, RFT, DFA (Downhole Fluid Analysis), siab, txav mus los |
| 7 | Logging while Drilling (LWD) | Resistivity, Gamma Ray, Porosity, Imaging, NMR thaum drilling |
| 8 | Caseed-Hole Logging | C/O (Carbon{0}}Oxygen), PNN (Pulsed Neutron), CBL/VDL (cement), PLT |
| 9 | Unconventional Reservoir Logging | Anisotropy, brittleness Performance index, geomechanical zog rau fracturing |
| 10 | AI & Digital Logging | Ntau-cov ntaub ntawv physics fusion, kev kawm tshuab txhais lus, digital rock physics |
(II) Lub 4 Kev Ua Haujlwm Platforms (Yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab)
Cov thev naus laus zis no tau siv los ntawm plaub lub hauv paus tseem ceeb, uas ua haujlwm hauv kev hais kwv txhiaj hla lub qhov dej ntawm lub neej:
- Wireline Logging:Txoj kev classic, khiav tom qab drilling tiav. Nws muab cov ntaub ntawv ceev tshaj plaws thiab kev daws teeb meem siab tshaj plaws (piv txwv li, imaging, NMR) rau cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog kev ntsuas dej.
- Logging while Drilling (LWD):Kev ntsuas tau raug coj mus rau lub sijhawm drilling thiab xa mus rau lub sijhawm tiag tiag -. Lub platform no yog qhov tseem ceeb raugeosteeringthiab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej nkag mus tob hauv av nkos.
- Caseed-Hole Logging:Kev ua haujlwm tau ua tom qab tau teeb tsa. Siv rau kev soj ntsuam cov hauj lwm cement (CBL), saib xyuas cov dej hauv reservoir depletion thiab cov dej sib cuag (PNN, C/O), thiab kev txiav tawm ntau lawm (PLT).
- Digital Logging:Ib lub platform uas muaj kev sib koom ua ke nrog ntau- cov ntaub ntawv (cov ntaub ntawv, cov tub ntxhais, kev tsim khoom) thiab siv AI thiab tshuab kev kawm qauv rau kev txhais lus, kev paub txog tus qauv, thiab kev ua tus cwj pwm ntawm lub pas dej.
Lub peev xwm tseem ceeb: Kev txiav txim siab lub subsurface
Cov tshuab txiav niaj hnub no tau tsim los muab rau 6 lub peev xwm sib cuam tshuam, txav los ntawm cov cim pob zeb yooj yim mus rau cov kua dej dynamic thiab cov khoom siv tshuab.
1. Kev Qhia Txog Tus Kheej (GR / Spectral GR)
Tshaj li cov ntsiab lus av nplaum yooj yim, spectral gamma ray (K, U, Th) muab kev nkag siab rau hauv ib puag ncig depositional, mineralogy, thiab txawm tias organic nplua nuj nyob rau hauv shales. Nws yog "kev tsim cov ntiv tes."
2. Reservoir Electrical Properties (Resistivity)
Ib qho kev ntsuas kev tiv thaiv (sib sib zog nqus, ntiav, micro) txhais cov kua dej saturation (siv Archie's equation) thiab ntxeem tau cov ntaub ntawv. High-Kev daws teeb meem hluav taws xob ntsuas (FMI) qhia txog cov ntaub pua chaw pw, pob txha, thiab sedimentary nta ntawm phab ntsa borehole.
3. Porosity & Pore Structure (Density / Neutron / Sonic / NMR)
Classic "porosity trio" (qhov ntom, neutron, sonic) tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij,NMR kev txiav txim siab sawv cev rau kev nce qib loj, muab cov T₂ spectrum uas txawv ntawm av nplaum- khi dej, capillary- khi dej, thiab cov kua dej txav tau, thiab ua rau kev kwv yees permeability tas mus li.
4. Geological Structure & Fracture Identification (Imaging)
borehole imaging (hluav taws xob thiab acoustic) yog revolutionary, muab ib tug siab -resolution "daim duab" ntawm lub borehole phab ntsa. Nws tso cai rau kev txhais ncaj qha ntawm cov pob txha tawg (natural thiab induced), cov lus qhia kev ntxhov siab, thaj chaw txhaum, thiab nplua - nplai sedimentary nta, tseem ceeb rau ob qho tib si cov pa thiab tsis sib xws.
5. Tsim Mechanics (Advanced Sonic)
Qhov kev muaj peev xwm no tseem ceeb heev rau lub sijhawm tsis zoo. Cov cuab yeej sonic Advanced (xws li SonicScanner) ntsuas compressional (Vp) thiab shear (Vs) nthwv dej tshaj tawm hauv ntau cov lus qhia. Cov ntaub ntawv no yields dynamic elastic zog (Young's modulus, Poisson tus piv), pob zeb zog, anisotropy, thiab kev nyuaj siab, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb inputs raugeomechanical qauv thiab hydraulic fracture tsim.
6. Kua & Production Logging (Formation Testers / Caseed-Qhov)
Cov neeg kuaj tsim tsim (MDT) muab cov lus teb meej: kev ntsuas siab ncaj qha, cov kua dej gradients los txheeb xyuas cov neeg sib cuag, thiab cov qauv ua kua. Downhole Fluid Analysis (DFA) qhia cov kua dej hauv -situ (GOR, muaj pes tsawg leeg). Cased- cov cuab yeej qhov zoo li PNN, C/O, thiab PLT saib xyuas cov kua dej saturation qab casing thiab cov ntaub ntawv zoo ntau lawm lub sij hawm.
Kev sib xyaw ua haujlwm: Kev nkag mus thoob plaws lub neej zoo
Cov peev xwm thiab cov platforms no tau muab tso rau hauv kev sib koom ua ke thoob plaws lub qhov dej ntawm lub neej.
Phase 1: Drilling (LWD for Geosteering):Real-lub sij hawm LWD cov ntaub ntawv (GR, resistivity, ntom-neutron, thiab tob-directional resistivity) qhia lub qhov dej kom nyob twj ywm hauv thaj chaw zoo tshaj plaws.
Theem 2: Tshaj tawm -Drilling (Wireline rau Kev Ntsuas):Thaum tag nrho qhov tob mus txog, qhov kev pab cuam wireline tau khiav. Qhov no suav nrog ayooj yim suite(GR, resistivity, porosity) rau cov qauv kev suav, ua raws licov ntaub ntawv siab heev(Imaging, NMR, sonic, formation tester) rau cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws reservoir characterization, fracture analysis, thiab kua ntaus ntawv.
Theem 3: Kev tsim khoom (Cased-Qhov rau Kev Saib Xyuas):Thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, cased- lub log log yog khiav los soj ntsuam cov cement kev ncaj ncees (CBL), saib xyuas cov kev hloov pauv hloov (PNN, C/O) txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov roj hla dhau los yog dej nkag, thiab khiav cov cav tsim khoom (PLT) los txiav txim siab zonal contributions.
Theem 4: Kev sib koom ua ke tag nrho (Digital Logging):Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tau txais (wireline, LWD, core, ntau lawm) yog kev koom ua ke. AI thiab kev kawm tshuab tau siv ntau ntxiv rau kev siv ntau yam -kev sib raug zoo, kev faib hluav taws xob, thiab kev tsim cov qauv ntawm cov pas dej ua ke.
Khoom Description
Kev nkag mus niaj hnub tau hloov zuj zus los ntawm kev txhais nkhaus yooj yim mus rau hauv ib qho tiavformation-kua-mechanics evaluation system. Nws koom ua ke cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ntau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thoob plaws hauv wireline, LWD, thiab cased-qhov platforms. Qhov no holistic system txhawb txhua theem ntawm kev loj hlob, los ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab geosteering mus rau cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws reservoir characterization, hydraulic fracturing tsim, thiab ntau lawm optimization, nrog rau cov kev siv nyob rau hauv unconventional kev pab cuam thiab CO₂ cia. Nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem niaj hnub no tam sim no tseem ceeb rau txhua tus kws ua haujlwm koom nrog hauv kev ntsuam xyuas subsurface. Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov tsis txhob yig tiv tauj pab pawg Vigor kom paub meej ntxiv txog cov khoom lag luam.
