Cov Lus Qhia Tseem Ceeb rau Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo Ua tiav (Drilling & Ua tiav Phase)

Nyob rau hauv qhov siab -stakes ib puag ncig ntawm kev drilling thiab ua tiav kev ua haujlwm, kev ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees zoo, tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem hauv qab, thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Raws li kev tso cai kev qhia tshwj xeeb, cov hauv qab no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm, txij li qhov drilling tawm mus txog qhov kawg ntawm qhov dej tiav.

Cov yeeb nkab tripping yog ib qho tseem ceeb juncture qhov twg kev tswj kom zoo thiab borehole stability muaj kev pheej hmoo siab. Cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua:

• Wellbore Ntxuav:Ua ntej rub tawm ntawm lub qhov (POOH), circulate drilling kua rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm ob lub voj voog ua tiav kom ntseeg tau tias lub qhov dej huv thiab cov av tsis sib xws. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov nkag thiab tawm yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 0.02 g / cm³.
• Safe Circulation & Tool Movement:Thaum lub sij hawm circulating, tuav txoj hlua xyaum 3-5m tawm hauv qab. Khaws qis RPM (piv txwv li, Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 30 RPM rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob) thiab txav cov yeeb nkab tsis tu ncua hla tus mob stroke tshaj 3m. Cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob twj ywm rau ntau tshaj 3 feeb.
• Tswj Tripping Speeds:​​Control tripping speeds in the payzone and the 300m interval above it to prevent swabbing (uas tuaj yeem induce inflow) thiab siab surges (uas tuaj yeem tawg qhov tsim).
• Nruam qhov Fill:Tsis tu ncua sau lub qhov nrog drilling kua thaum tripping. Feem ntau, sau txhua 3 qhov chaw ntawm cov yeeb nkab laum los yog 1 sawv ntsug ntawm lub dab tshos. Rau cov qhov dej uas muaj roj nyeem ntawv siab, poob, lossis cov txheej txheem ua rau lub cev qhuav dej, yuav tsum tau ntim tas li. Thaum khiav hauv qhov (RIH), sau cov hlua tho sab hauv txhua 10 sawv ntsug los tiv thaiv cov khoom ntab.

Yog hais tias overpull los yog luag tshaj li ib txwm txwv (xws li, 10 tons POOH, 5 tons RIH), los yog cov kua dej rov qab, cov hauj lwm yuav tsum nres tam sim ntawd. Txoj hlua yuav tsum rov qab mus rau nws qhov hnyav nruab nrab. Re-tsim kev ncig nrog tus nqi qis, tom qab ntawd ream lossis backream nrog qhov hnyav thiab RPM. Ib zaug pub dawb, txuas ntxiv reaming / backreaming rau tsawg kawg 100m thiab ncig rau ib lub voj voog tag nrho. Yog tias xav tias muaj kev sib tsoo, lub qhov yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm rau hauv qab, av nkos conditioned, thiab ib tug luv luv mus txawv tebchaws. Cov tshuaj hnyav / hnyav yuav xav tau los kaw cov teeb meem cuam tshuam ua ntej POOH zaum kawg.

Kev txiav ntoo nthuav tawm cov kev pheej hmoo tshwj xeeb, tshwj xeeb nrog cov cuab yeej hauv lub qhov thiab qhov zoo li qub.

• Kev npaj:​ Ua ntej POOH rau cov cuab yeej- xa cov ntawv nkag, khiav lub ntsuas ntsuas kom ntseeg tau tias cov cuab yeej hla. Sau thiab thaij duab tag nrho cov hlua cuab yeej. Xyuas kom tseeb tias cov cuab yeej wireline tuaj yeem nkag tau yooj yim rau hauv pem teb rig.
• Kev Tiv Thaiv Qhov Zoo:Khaws lub qhov puv. Rau cov log tsheb, sau tom qab txhua qhov khiav. Rau cov yeeb nkab-cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm, sau lub annulus txhua txhua 3 sawv cev POOH. Ib tug ntab valve yuav tsum tau ntsia rau hauv txoj hlua ua haujlwm. Kev txiav yuav tsum raug tso tseg thiab lub qhov circulated yog tias tag nrho lub sijhawm kwv yees ua haujlwm ze ntawm lub qhov dej tau suav tias "lub sijhawm muaj kev nyab xeeb" (raws li cov nqi nkag teb chaws).
• Teb ceev xwm ceev:Yog muaj kick:
• Wireline Logging:Yog tias lub cuab yeej nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw, muab nws thiab khiav cov yeeb nkab kom kaw. Yog tias tsis yog, lub xov hlau yuav tsum raug txiav tam sim ntawd siv lub T- txiav, thiab BOPs kaw (tejzaum nws siv cov shear rams).
• Cov yeeb nkab-Conveyed Logging:Yog hais tias ib sab - qhov rooj sub tawm ntawm lub qhov, nruab ib lub ntab thiab kaw nyob rau hauv. Yog hais tias lub sub tseem downhole thiab tsis tuaj yeem rov qab tau nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, ruaj lub wireline rau cov yeeb nkab nrog ib tug clamp, txiav nws hauv qab lub clamp, txo qhov clamped taw tes hauv qab lub rams, thiab kaw rau hauv.

Kev so mus ncig yog qhov tseem ceeb los txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej thiab kev ruaj ntseg ua ntej khiav casing.

• Txoj Cai:Tsis muaj qhov qhib yuav tsum tau sab laug rau lub sijhawm ntev. Tom qab txiav tawm lossis yog tias lub qhov dej zoo li qub rau 24 teev (12 teev nyob rau hauv kab rov tav), kev huv huv - tawm mus yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej ua haujlwm. Cov hlua tho yuav tsum tau rub rov qab rau hauv cov khau khiab yav dhau los kom tos, tsis txhob tso rau hauv qhov qhib.
• BHA Configuration:
• Rau ntsug, taw qhia, thiab roj kab rov tav nrog rau sab ntev Less tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 1200m, aib leeg -stabilizer BHAfeem ntau yog siv.
• For longer laterals (>1200m) los yog tag nrho cov roj kab rov tav, ob qho tib si aib leeg -stabilizerthiab adual{0}}stabilizer BHAyog khiav successively mus xyuas lub gauge qhov. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm stabilizer yog ib qho tseem ceeb: lub hauv paus stabilizer yuav tsum loj dua li casing centralizers tab sis 3-5 hli me dua qhov me me.
• Cov kev coj ua tseem ceeb:​ Siv cov menyuam -cone ntsis (tsis muaj nozzles) nyob rau hauv siab - lub kaum sab xis thiab sab sab. Ream ua tib zoo los ntawm qhov chaw muaj teeb meem (coal, brittle shale). Cov kws kho tsheb yuav tsum tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv zoo li qub / dogleg severity (DLS) thiab tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov chaw nruj. Ua ntej POOH, ua ib qho chaw luv luv kom paub meej tias qhov tseeb. Kho cov av nkos, kho cov khoom (qhov ntom ntom, viscosity, yield point) kom them nyiaj rau kev poob siab thiab txhim kho kev thauj mus los. Rau cov qhov dej ua tiav nrog zawv zawg lub tes tsho lossis kab rov tav, tso lub twj tso kua mis / lub tog raj rau hauv qhov sib txawv ua ntej POOH.

Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov drilling mus rau kev ua tiav yog txheej txheem txheej txheem uas ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov txheej txheem cov ntsiab lus - los ntawm kev tswj xyuas kev taug kev thiab kev ua kom nruj lub qhov ntim kom muaj kev tswj xyuas zoo thaum txiav thiab ua kom huv si - tawm mus ncig - cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev ncaj ncees, thiab kev nyab xeeb kawg. Cov kev cai no tsim lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab xwm txheej- kev tsim kho qhov dej dawb. Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov tsis txhob yig tiv tauj pab pawg Vigor kom paub meej ntxiv txog cov khoom lag luam.