Hauv cov roj thiab roj drilling, qhov me me yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm cov rig thiab kev tsim. Qhov kev xaiv me ntsis zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom siab tshaj plaws ntawm Kev Nkag Siab (ROP), tswj cov nqi, thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov lus piav qhia kev lag luam no muab kev sib piv cov ntsiab lus ntawm plaub qhov kev xyaum ua haujlwm tseem ceeb uas siv hauv kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub teb.
Drag Bit (Bladed Bit)
Thawj Mechanism: Shearing / Scraping
Zoo tshaj rau: Zoo heev rau mos, yas formations.
Yam tseem ceeb: Yooj yim steel lub cev nrog cov hniav ruaj khov. Muab ROP siab nyob rau hauv gumbo thiab av nplaum tab sis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev ntsuas ceev ceev thiab kev tswj tsis zoo. Yuav tsum muaj tus nqi ntws siab rau kev ntxuav lub qhov. Kev hloov pauv loj heev los ntawm PDC cov khoom hauv feem ntau cov ntawv thov tab sis tseem yog qhov qis - kev xaiv tus nqi rau cov ntu ntiav.
Roller Cone ntsis (Tricone Bit)
Thawj Mechanism: Crushing & Gouging (Cyclic Impact)
Zoo tshaj rau: Muaj ntau yam - mos mus rau qhov nyuaj heev, abrasive formations.
Yam tseem ceeb: Nta peb rotating cones (milled hniav lossis Tungsten Carbide Inserts - TCI). IADC code (xws li, 517) yog hom lus thoob ntiaj teb rau kev xaiv:
1 tus lej: 1-3 (Steel Hniav), 5-8 (TCI) - qhia tias tsim hardness.
2 Tus lej: Sub- pawg hardness (1=softest, 4=hardest).
3rd Tus lej: Bearing / foob hom thiab ntsuas kev tiv thaiv.
Lub workhorse ntawm kev lag luam vim nws versatility thiab kam rau siab rau junk thiab vibration.
Pob zeb diamond ntsis (Impregnated / TSP)
Thawj Mechanism: Sib tsoo & Polishing
Zoo tshaj rau: tawv, abrasive formations; dej tob, qhov tob tob, thiab coring.
Yam tseem ceeb: Ib qho - lub cev me me uas tsis muaj qhov txav. Siv tej yam ntuj tso los yog hluavtaws (TSP - Thermally Stable Polycrystalline) pob zeb diamond embedded hauv matrix. Excels nyob rau hauv durability thiab tshav kub tsis kam tab sis yuav tsum tau siab RPM thiab lub qhov huv si. rhiab heev rau kev puas tsuaj; tsis haum rau tawg formations.
PDC Bit (Polycrystalline Pob Zeb Diamond Compact)
Thawj Mechanism: Nruam Shear
Zoo tshaj rau: Ntev, homogeneous mos mus rau nruab nrab - nyuaj shale / xuab zeb sequences.
Yam tseem ceeb: Nta hluavtaws pob zeb diamond cutters brazed mus rau lub matrix los yog steel lub cev. Muab ceev, du drilling nrog siab footage ib ntsis. IADC code (piv txwv li, M423) qhia lub cev khoom (M/S), tsim, cutter loj, thiab profile. Dominates niaj hnub shale plays tab sis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev puas tsuaj rau hauv kev sib tsoo lossis kev sib tshuam.
|
Ib hom |
Tsim kom haum |
Qhov tseem ceeb Advantage |
Kev txwv kev ua haujlwm |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Drag Bit |
Mos, nplaum |
Tus nqi qis, ceev ceev hauv gumbo |
Tsis zoo gauge tuav, nws yuav ntxeem tau |
|
Roller Cone |
Universal(Soft{0}}Hard) |
Ntau yam, cuam tshuam resistant |
Bearing life limits khiav ntev |
|
Pob zeb diamond |
Hard, Abrasive |
Lub neej ntev, siab kub ntsuas |
Slow ROP, yuav tsum muaj RPM siab |
|
PDC |
Mos- Nruab nrab, Homogeneous |
Ceev tshaj ROP, tus thawj coj footage |
Brittle cutters |
Tsis muaj "zoo tshaj" me ntsis, tsuas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws me ntsis rau qhov tsim tshwj xeeb. Thaum PDC cov khoom tseem ceeb ua tau zoo- tsom mus rau kev ua haujlwm, lub zog tricone tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nyuaj, heterogeneous geology. Kev txhais cov lej IADC kom raug yog thawj kauj ruam hauv kev ua kom zoo dua cov hlua. Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov tsis txhob yig tiv tauj pab pawg Vigor kom paub meej ntxiv txog cov khoom lag luam.
