Lub Tsev Tswj Xyuas Zoo thiab Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb
1.The Well Control System:Qhov no yog qhov kev nyab xeeb tseem ceeb tiv thaiv "kicks" (influx of formation fluids) los yog muaj peev xwm blowout. Nws muaj xws li:
Lub Wellhead Assembly:Feem ntau muaj xws li hydraulic annular thiab ram blowout inhibiters (BOPs) thiab lub taub hau casing.
Hydraulic Control System:Cov cuab yeej siv (cov chaw taws teeb thiab cov tho qhov tswj vaj huam sib luag, kav dej) rau kev khiav hauj lwm BOPs thiab hydraulic li qub.
Choke & Kill Manifold:Kev sib dhos tseem ceeb ntawm cov li qub (xws li chokes), cov kav dej, thiab ntsuas ntsuas tau siv los nthuav tawm kev ncaws pob thiab tswj kom zoo siab.
Sab hauv Blowout Preventer (IBOP) Cov cuab yeej:Muab tso rau hauv lub laum txoj hlua (xws li, kelly cocks, laum yeeb nkab ntab li qub) kom tiv thaiv cov kua dej los ntawm cov yeeb nkab laum.
2.Kev soj ntsuam cov cuab yeej:
Drilling Parameter Monitors:Taug qab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb xws li nuv load, qhov hnyav ntawm me ntsis, qhov tob, qhov siab ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb, lub zog rotary / ceev, thiab twj tso kua mis strokes.
Kick/Poob Monitoring Systems: Ntsuas cov av nkos ntim kom pom cov dej ntws los yog poob hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag -, ua rau lub tswb nrov.
Kev nyab xeeb Sensors:Xws li Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) thiab combustible gas detectors.
3. Pab txhawb nqa: Cov rigs niaj hnub no kuj tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov tsheb thauj neeg mob thiab cov tsheb ceev xws li forklifts, cranes, thiab ntawm - hu rau tsheb thauj neeg mob lossis tsheb tua hluav taws rau kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Drilling thiab Tripping txheej txheem
1. Drill Bits: Cov cuab yeej txiav, categorized li rub cov khoom (piv txwv li, PDC khoom), cov menyuam lub khob hliav qab, pob zeb diamond- cov khoom impregnated, thiab cov khoom coring.
2. Txoj hlua Laum:Lub "workhorse" sib dhos uas xa lub zog thiab dej. Nws suav nrog:
- Kelly / Square Laum Pipe:Sab saum toj kawg nkaus, xa torque los ntawm lub rooj teb.
- Drill Pipe:Cov ntu ntev uas ua rau feem ntau ntawm cov hlua.
- Drill Collars: Thick-walled, hnyav kav uas muab hnyav rau ntawm me ntsis.
3.Rig Pem Teb (Tswj Siv) Cov Cuab Yeej:Qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim thiab rhuav tshem kev sib txuas thaum lub sij hawm tripping thiab drilling, suav nrog:
Tongs (phau ntawv los yog hydraulic).
Of elevators, swb, thiab kev ruaj ntseg clamps.
Ib chav suitecuab yeej nuv ntsesrau kev rov qab cov cuab yeej ploj los yog daig downhole, xws li overshots, hmuv, milling cov cuab yeej, thiab jars.
4.Drilling Fluids ( av nkos ) & Additives :Cov kua dej complex, raws li dej thiab bentonite, yog engineered nrog ntau yam additives (cov khoom hnyav, lubricants, viscosifiers, poob cov ntaub ntawv) los ua ntau yam dej num.
5.Txoj kev Drilling khoom: Rau qhov sib txawv, kab rov tav, lossis cov qhov dej tsis sib haum, yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, suav nrog Kev Ntsuas / Logging Thaum Drilling (MWD/LWD) systems, downhole av nkos motors, tsis yog - sib nqus drill collars, bent subs, stabilizers, thiab hnyav - hnyav laum yeeb nkab.
Kev paub txog cov cuab yeej siv no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm siab zoo xws li kev taug qab, qhov twg cov tswv yim los tiv thaiv cov yeeb nkab tsis ua haujlwm, kev ua kom zoo, thiab kev tswj kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb. Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov tsis txhob yig tiv tauj pab pawg Vigor kom paub meej ntxiv txog cov khoom lag luam.
