Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Grooving Ua ntej Cement Plug Sidetracking Operations

"Grooving" (los yog "slot cutting") yog ib qho kev npaj ua haujlwm nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm cov cement ntsaws ua ntej pib qhov kev sib tw. Nws suav nrog kev siv lub laum me ntsis (zoo dua aluv -gauge PDC ntsis​​los yog ib lub zeb- hniav lub khob me ntsis) txhawm rau zom ib qho chaw ntiav lossis kev nyuaj siab (30-80 hli) nyob ze ntawm qhov tsim ncaws -tawm taw tes. Kev ua haujlwm yog ua tiav nrogLub teeb hnyav ntawm me ntsis (0.5-1.5 tons), tsis tshua muaj kev sib hloov ceev (30-50 rpm), thiab tus nqi qis (0.6-0.8 m³ / min). Nws lub ntsiab yog musartificially tsim ib tug me me guiding "step" los yog ramp, muab qhov pib deflecting nto rau qhov me ntsis tom ntej los tiv thaiv nws ntawm skidding ntawm lub tiaj tus cement nto los yog drilling ncaj nraim.

Tshem tawm "Npaj Nplaim Nplaum": Ib qho chaw tiaj tus lossis tsis sib xws ntawm cov cement uas tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev, ua rau cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke kom zoo li tho ncaj qha los ntawm lub ntsaws rov qab rau hauv lub qhov dej qub. Grooving tsim qhov xav tau asymmetry. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov ntaub ntawv teb: tawm ntawm 4 lub qhov dej hauv ib qho thaiv uas tsis muaj qhov grooving, 3 tau pib azimuth sib txawv tshaj 15 degree, nrog rau 1 tsis ua tiav. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, tag nrho 8 qhov dej uas ua grooving muaj deviations tswj nyob rau hauv 5 degree.

Txheeb xyuas Cement Plug Zoo: Cov txheej txheem grooving ua haujlwm ncaj qha, tiag - lub sijhawm kuaj xyuas zoo. Parameters zoo litus nqi nkag mus, torque fluctuations, thiab qhov xwm ntawm cuttings rov qabyog cov cim tseem ceeb.

• Ib txwm: Yooj yim tab sis tsis sib xws nkag mus, rov qab los ntawm cov cement zoo, ruaj khov torque.
• Qhov txawv txav: Kev nkag tau nrawm heev (cement zog qis dhau), rov qab los ntawm cov av nkos loj (cov cement saum toj kawg nkaus), los yog hnyav torque spikes / me ntsis bounce (nyuaj streaks lossis khib nyiab).

Tsim kom muaj Kev Tswj Kick-off Point: Yog tsis muaj whipstock, tsuas yog kev taw qhia rau me ntsis yog qhov asymmetry ntawm nws kev sib cuag nrog cov cement. Qhov zawj ua raws li tus txiv neej no- ua phau ntawv qhia, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev hloov pauv me ntsis raws li qhov zawj txoj kev, yog li tswj lub sidetrack thawj zaug kev taw qhia thiab tiv thaiv tsis tau "me ntsis taug kev."

Tiv thaiv "Fallback" rau hauv Qub Wellbore: Yog tias qhov pib sib txawv ntawm lub kaum sab xis me dhau (<3°), the drill string can easily guide the bit back into the original wellbore after drilling through the plug, nullifying the sidetrack. A proper groove helps establish a sufficient initial angle to prevent this.

Kev xaiv me ntsis: Luv -gauge, ntiav cone PDC khoomyog nyiam kom nkag tau yooj yim. Mill- cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub tuaj yeem siv nrog WOB tswj.Ntev - ntsuas PDC cov khoom lossis tag nrho - qhov qhov khoom raug txwvraws li lawv tsis tuaj yeem tsim deflection hauv zos.

Key Parameters (raws li cov lus hauv daim ntawv):

Rotary ceev: 30-50 rpm

Qhov hnyav ntawm Me: 0.5-1.5 tons

Flow Rate: 0.6-0.8 m³ / min (tsuas yog txaus rau kev thauj mus los)

Kauj ruam -los ntawm - Cov txheej txheem:

1. Khiav hauv qhov mus rau 0.5m saum toj no cov cement saum toj, ncig thiab ntxuav qhov chaw.
2. Maj mam txo qis me ntsis, ncua txhua 0.1m kom hnov ​​​​qhov kev sib cuag.
3. Thaum qhov ntsuas qhov hnyav qhia tau hais tias kev sib cuag, pib lub rooj teb (30 rpm) thiab siv 0.5t WOB.
4. Khaws WOB thiab zom rau hauv qhov chaw rau 5-10 feeb los tsim ib qho chaw ntiav ntiav.
5. Nqa lub ntsis 0.2m, ncig thiab saib rov qab.
6. Txo me ntsis ntxiv, nce WOB mus rau 1.0t, thiab zom rau lwm 10-15 feeb kom tob thiab nthuav qhov zawj.
7. Tag nrho lub sijhawm grooving yuav tsum yog 20-30 feeb, ua tiav qhov tob ntawm ~ 50mm.

"Peb Observables" Thaum Grooving:

Torque: Lub zog ruaj khov yog qhov qub. Kev poob tam sim ntawd yuav qhia tau tias plam lossis cement tawg; ib qho kev nce ntxiv tuaj yeem qhia me ntsis balling lossis sticking.

Cuttings Rov qab: Fine cement particles (1-3mm) are normal. Large chunks (>10mm) qhia ntau dhau WOB lossis nkig cement. Av nkos rov teeb liab kis kab mob.

Rate of Penetration (ROP): Thaum lub sij hawm grooving, ROP yuav tsum yog 5-15 min / 0.1m. ROP sai dua 2 min / 0.1m qhia tias cov cement yog mos heev, thiab cov haujlwm yuav tsum nres.

Tshaj tawm -Grooving Verification:

Kev soj ntsuam pom (tom qab rub tawm): Cement sib tsoo cov cim yuav tsum tau concentrated ntawm ib sab (tsawg sab) ntawm me ntsis, paub meej tias ib qho eccentric zawj tau tsim.

Khiav-hauv-Qhov Kev Tshawb Fawb: Thaum khiav rov qab rau hauv, qhov me me yuav tsum "poob" rau hauv qhov zawj, nrog qhov pom ntawm qhov sib txawv me ntsis.

Deflection Test: Siv sidetracking tsis (2-3t WOB, 40-60 rpm) rau laum 0.5m thiab soj ntsuam. Qhov pib tsim tus nqi Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 2℃/ 30m lees paub qhov ua tiav qhov zawj.

Kev vam meej Case: Lub qhov dej taw qhia nrog cov cement ntsaws ntawm 2700m. Siv lub φ152mm PDC me ntsis, grooving tau ua (40 rpm, 0.8t WOB, 15 min) los tsim ib qhov tob ~ 40mm. Tom qab- kev soj ntsuam grooving pom meej eccentric hnav. Tom qab sidetracking ua tiav 2.5℃/ 30m tsim tus nqi thiab ua tiav qhov qub qhov dej zoo.

Cov yuam sij tseem ceeb:

Tshaj WOB thaum lub sij hawm grooving(piv txwv li, 3-4t): Qhov no xyaum lub qhov ncaj es tsis txhob sib tsoo lub zawj. Lub hauv paus yog "sib tsoo," tsis yog "drilling."

Lub sij hawm grooving tsis txaus(piv txwv li, 3-5 feeb): Cov txiaj ntsig tsuas yog khawb ntawm qhov chaw, uas tau smoothed tawm. Yam tsawg kawg 20 feeb yog pom zoo.

Tsis quav ntsej los ntxuav cov cement saumUa ntej grooving: Cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim cov zawj thiab tuaj yeem ua rau me ntsis pob.

Grooving ua ntej cov cement tau kho tag nrho: Cement yuav tsum ua kom muaj zog txaus compressive (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 3.5 MPa, txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov qauv lossis CBL) kom tso cai rau grooving kom zoo.

Qhov kev vam meej ntawm cement plug sidetracking nyob ntawm "stability," tsis ceev. Cov txheej txheem grooving, thaum ntxiv txog 30 feeb, ua raws li kev pov hwm tseem ceeb rau tag nrho cov haujlwm - xyuas kom cov cement plug tsis nkim thiab lub qhov dej tshiab tsis poob rov qab rau hauv qhov qub.

Qhov tseem ceeb mnemonic muab yog:"Siv lub teeb siab thiab kev sib hloov qeeb los zom cov qhov ntiav ntiav; saib xyuas cov txiav zoo thiab eccentric hnav; pib sidetracking tsuas yog tom qab ua tiav qhov tob ntawm li 50mm." Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov tsis txhob yig tiv tauj pab pawg Vigor kom paub meej ntxiv txog cov khoom lag luam.