Zoo Ua tiav Technology

Thaum lub laum me ntsis mus txog lub hom phiaj reservoir, lub sijhawm drilling tiav, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tiav zoo yog nyuam qhuav pib. Cov txheej txheem no tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas tseem ceeb ntawm lub pas dej thiab lub qhov dej, tsim txoj hauv kev rau hydrocarbons ntws mus rau saum npoo. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus los ntawm kev lag luam qhov chaw "Sunshine Oil iPetro" piav qhia lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tiav, qhia txog plaub txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb, thiab npog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw thiab cov khoom siv downhole.

Kev ua tiav zoo suav nrog tag nrho cov haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm lub qhov dej tom qab drilling los pab tsim khoom. Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog tsim kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab ruaj khov kev sib txuas ntawm lub pas dej thiab qhov chaw, thaum txo qhov tsim kev puas tsuaj. Kev ua tiav tiav zoo sib npaug ntau yam: ua kom ruaj khov ntev - lub sijhawm tsim khoom, hloov mus rau qhov nyuaj geology, thiab tso cai rau kev txhawb nqa lossis kev cuam tshuam yav tom ntej.

1. Perforated tiav: Txoj kev siv ntau tshaj "Piercing Precise".

Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem ua tiav ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, siv tau rau cov kav dej ntsug, kev taw qhia, thiab kab rov tav. Nws suav nrog kev khiav thiab cementing casing hla lub reservoir, tom qab ntawd siv cov nqi tsim los tsim qhov (perforations) los ntawm cov casing, cement, thiab tsim.

• Hom: Perforation ntawm casing(casing khiav mus rau tag nrho qhov tob) los yogLiner Perforation(ib lub cemented liner dai los ntawm cov hlua casing yav dhau los), uas tuaj yeem txo cov nqi.
• Qhov zoo:Muab kev sib cais zonal zoo heev, tseem ceeb heev rau cov reservoirs nrog gas hau, dej hauv qab, los yog ntau txheej nrog ntau qhov sib txawv. Nws tso cai rau xaiv stimulation (xws li fracturing) thiab ntau lawm tswj.
• Kev txiav txim siab:Cov txheej txheem perforation tuaj yeem ua rau qee qhov tsim kev puas tsuaj, uas feem ntau txo qis los ntawm cov txheej txheem zoo li qhov tsis txaus ntseeg perforating.

2. Qhib Qhov Ua tiav: Cia lub Reservoir "ua pa" ncaj qha

Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, tsis muaj casing los yog liner nyob rau hauv lub reservoir; cov tsim tsim yog sab laug raug rau lub wellbore.

• Qhov zoo:Maximizes lub inflow cheeb tsam, tsim ib tug "hydrodynamically zoo meej" zoo nrog tsawg txaus tsis kam thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau siab. Nws yog qhov yooj yim thiab pheej yig dua li lwm txoj hauv kev.
• Yuav tsum muaj:Nws xav tau cov txheej txheem geological nruj: lub pob zeb reservoir yuav tsum nyuaj, muaj peev xwm, thiab ruaj khov (xws li, nruj carbonates), tsis muaj interbedded shales, gas caps, los yog dej zones uas yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem.
• Hom:Nws tuaj yeem yog "ko taw liab qab" (lub pas dej drilled tom qab teeb tsa hauv nws sab saum toj) lossis "tom qab" (casing teeb tom qab drilling reservoir, tam sim no tsis tshua siv).

3. Slotted Liner tiav: Sib npaug xuab zeb tswj thiab ntws

Txoj kev no suav nrog kev khiav ua ntej -slotted liner hla ntawm qhov qhib qhov dej. Nws muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig ntawm lub qhov qhib thaum muab kev txhawb nqa los tiv thaiv borehole vau.

• Tsim:Cov slots tau ua tib zoo tsim kho, feem ntau nrog cov duab trapezoidal los tiv thaiv cov xuab zeb los ntawm kev daig. Qhov dav yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev tsim cov xuab zeb loj (feem ntau tsawg dua ob zaug ntawm tus nqi d10).
• Kev siv tau:Tsim nyog rau kev sib sau ua ke, nruab nrab - mus rau - cov xuab zeb ntxhib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho, cov cheeb tsam tuab. Nws muaj qhov sib npaug zoo ntawm kev yooj yim, tus nqi, thiab kev ruaj ntseg hauv qhov chaw.

4. Gravel Pack tiav: "Qhov kawg Solution" rau Sand Control

Rau kev sib sau ua ke tsis zoo, cov xuab zeb hnyav heev - tsim kev tsim, pob zeb pob zeb yog txoj kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws. Nws tso ib qho screen (feem ntau yog xaim- qhwv) hla thaj tsam thiab ntim cov pob zeb ua tib zoo muab cov pob zeb hauv lub annulus ntawm qhov screen thiab tsim (qhib qhov) lossis casing (cased qhov).

• Txoj Cai:Cov pob zeb ua raws li cov lim dej, qhov loj me los thaiv cov xuab zeb (feem ntau 5-6 npaug ntawm cov xuab zeb nruab nrab ntawm cov xuab zeb loj) thaum tso cov kua dej ntws tawm dawb.
• Technical Rigor:Kev vam meej nyob ntawm qhov nruj gravel zoo (lub zog, roundness, acid solubility) thiab xaiv qhov screen meej (qhov dav 1/2 txog 2/3 ntawm cov pob zeb me tshaj plaws). Thaum raug nqi, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom lub neej zoo ntawm qhov dej hauv cov txheej txheem tsis sib xws.

Kev xaiv txoj kev ua tiav zoo yuav tsum muaj kev ntsuam xyuas zoo ntawm lub pas dej geology thiab daim phiaj xwm kev loj hlob. Cov qauv tseem ceeb suav nrog:

• Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub borehole:Geomechanical tsom xam (xws li, Von Mises shear tsis ua hauj lwm cov qauv) txiav txim seb lub pob zeb muaj zog txaus rau lub qhov qhib. Yog tias tsis ruaj khov (piv txwv li, swelling shales), casing los yog liner yuav tsum tau them nyiaj yug.
• Sand Production Potential: It is critical to distinguish between movable fines (which can be produced) and load-bearing formation sand (which must be controlled). Indicators include core friability, sonic transit time (values >295 μs / m qhia txog kev pheej hmoo sanding), thiab kev ntsuas kev ntxhov siab.
• Kev xav tau kev loj hlob:Kev ua tiav perforated yog qhov zoo dua yog tias yav tom ntej zonal cais lossis kev txhawb nqa tau npaj. Ib qho yooj yim qhib qhov los yog slotted liner tej zaum yuav raug xaiv rau thawj zaug, siab - tus nqi ntau lawm los ntawm ib tug yooj yim, ruaj khov reservoir.

Cov theem kawg ntawm kev ua tiav suav nrog kev txhim kho lub taub dej thiab khiav txoj hlua ua tiav.

1. Cov khoom siv Wellhead:Ib qho peb -kev nyab xeeb thiab tswj kev sib dhos.

• Lub taub hau casing:Txhawb cov hlua casing thiab seals annuli.
• Tubing taub hau:Suspends cov tubing ntau lawm thiab muab kev nkag mus rau lub raj -casing annulus.
• Tsob Ntoo Christmas:Ib qho kev sib dhos ntawm cov li qub, cov hlua, thiab cov fittings tswj cov khoom ntws. Cov ntoo sib txawv rau cov kev siv sib txawv (xws li cov dej ntws, cov khoom siv nqa, kev txhaj tshuaj), nrog rau cov qhov dej thermal uas yuav tsum tau muaj qhov tshwj xeeb siab - kub metallurgy.

2. Txoj hlua ua tiav:"Cov kav dej ntau lawm" tau tsim los rau txoj kev nqa khoom.

• Flowing Wells:Yooj yim tubing hlua nrog ntws tswj cov cuab yeej.
• Qws Pump Wells:Xws li rods, tubing thauj tog rau nkoj, thiab twj tso kua mis.
• ESP Wells:Integrate fais fab cable, packer, thiab disconnect cov cuab yeej.
• Ntau-Zone Wells:Siv cov packers thiab ntws tswj cov cuab yeej (xws li lub tes tsho zawv zawg) los tswj kev tsim khoom los ntawm ib tus neeg txheej.

Ua ntej lub qhov dej raug xa mus rau kev tsim khoom, cov kauj ruam kawg kom paub meej tias txoj hauv kev yog qhov tseeb.

Wellbore Cleanup (Flowback):Kev khiav hauj lwm zoo li ntuj ntws, nqa roj, los yog swabbing yog siv los tshem tawm cov drilling thiab ua tiav cov kua dej los ntawm lub qhov dej.

Stimulation (yog tias xav tau):Acidizing los yog hydraulic fracturing tej zaum yuav ua rau bypass nyob ze -wellbore puas thiab txhim kho productivity, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qis - permeability reservoirs.

Kev ua tiav zoo yog tus choj tseem ceeb txuas cov peev txheej nrhiav tau mus rau qhov chaw tsim khoom. Los ntawm kev ua tib zoo xaiv txoj kev-los ntawm kev siv dav dav perforated tiav rau cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb tswj cov xuab zeb- thiab txhim kho cov cuab yeej saum npoo av thiab hauv qab kom raug, engineers xyuas kom meej tias "kawg mais" ntawm cov roj thiab roj taug kev muaj kev nyab xeeb, muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab ua kom zoo rau lub sijhawm ntev - rov qab los ntawm hydrocarbons. Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov tsis txhob yig tiv tauj pab pawg Vigor kom paub meej ntxiv txog cov khoom lag luam.